For a long time, scientists were unsure whether immunotherapy ‘revitalizes’ exhausted T cells inside the tumor to attack cancer anew or whether it recruits fresh T cells from elsewhere. This study in Cell, co-authored by Rahim, Okholm, & Jones et al. (2023), reveals that T cells differentiate and multiply in the tumor-draining lymph nodes following immunotherapy, after which they circulate through the blood to reach the tumor.
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